What is GERD?

胃反流是一种疾病，胃中部分消化的食物和天然酸向上渗透到胃中 esophagus这是一根将食物和液体从口腔输送到胃部的长管. This malfunction happens because the lower esophageal sphincter, which opens into the stomach, 出乎意料地打开足以让胃内容物回到食道, throat, and sometimes mouth. This process can evoke a foul taste. 它还会在消化道沿线区域产生不舒服的腹胀或灼烧感, which are not equipped to handle stomach acids.

Many people often confuse GERD with acid reflux. Fundamentally, acid reflux is the same malfunction as GERD. However, whereas acid reflux is a temporary ailment, GERD is chronic, occurring at least twice a week over many consecutive weeks. 它可能不仅仅是由辛辣的食物或压力引起的，如果不加以检查或未经医学诊断，可能会导致进一步的问题.

What Are GERD Symptoms?

GERD often feels like heartburn, 哪一种会在胸部中部向喉咙方向产生不舒服的烧灼感. Other major symptoms of GERD include:

• Nausea
• Pain swallowing
• Chronic cough
• Chest pain
• Loss of appetite
• Persistent vomiting

If these types of symptoms are continual, a gastroenterologist or medical specialist should be consulted.

What Are the Risk Factors for GERD?

Several risk factors are associated with GERD. These include:

• Obesity or being overweight
• Pregnancy and excessive pressure on the abdomen
• 经常食用导致胃pH值失衡的食物，如乳制品、辛辣食品或油炸食品
• Smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke
• 某些治疗睡眠、血压、哮喘和抑郁症的药物

患有裂孔疝的人也更容易发生反流, 因为内部器官容易在腹腔周围移位. These shifts can strain the esophageal sphincter, forcing it open and enabling acid to be released upward. 40岁以上的人也更容易发生反流.

How Is GERD Diagnosed?

在卑尔根医学协会可以通过多种方式诊断胃食管反流. In general, 通过仔细了解患者的病史，并使用以下医疗工具来帮助识别反流胃食管反流, ruling out any other conditions. The tools and tests for GERD include:

Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Biopsy

An endoscope or long tube is tracked through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum to examine their status. A tissue biopsy may be taken and tested for signs of GERD.

Upper Gastrointestinal X-Ray Series

病人饮用钡液时，对上胃肠腔进行多次x光检查.

pH Monitoring

两种类型的测试——食管pH值和阻抗测试以及无线食管pH值测试——可以帮助检测患者在24至48小时内经常经历的pH值水平. In both cases, 将一个监测器插入胃中，测量病人的pH值, as she or he eats and sleeps under normal circumstances.

Esophageal Manometry

这项检查检查食道将食物移入胃的能力. A small flexible tube is inserted into the nose, 当病人进食时，导管的传感器会测量括约肌的强度.

What Are GERD Treatment Options?

有多种非侵入性方法可以治疗反流并防止其复发. 一些生活方式的改变可以减少患此病的可能性或将其影响降到最低. 这些改变可以从调整饮食开始，避免或减少某些食物和饮料的数量, such as:

• Dairy
• Sugar
• Chocolate
• Tomato sauces and other acidic sauces
• Garlic and onions
• Alcohol, caffeinated tea, coffee, and carbonated drinks
• Citrus fruits

Avoiding foods and drinks that are spicy, fried, fatty, 和油腻的食物也可以减少患反流的风险. In addition, patients with GERD can reduce symptoms by:

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Eating small, more frequent meals
• Ceasing smoking
• Sitting and staying upright while eating and for an hour after
• 躺在床上前至少三小时不吃东西
• Wearing clothing that doesn’t tightly hug the waistline
• Raising the head of the bed six to eight inches above the base

胃肠病学家可能会建议服用非处方药或处方药来缓解胃反流症状. These medicines include:

• Antacids
• H-2 receptor blockers
• Proton pump inhibitors
• Other prescription drugs

If these first lines of defense are not working, minimally invasive surgeries, 如腹腔镜抗反流手术或LINX装置植入, may be options. LINX装置是放置在下食管括约肌周围的校准磁铁的小环, to prevent reflux.

Find Comprehensive Care at Bergen Medical Associates

全国十大网赌正规平台提供了一个经验丰富的董事会认证的胃肠病学家和医疗全国十大网赌正规平台人员的团队，以帮助诊断和治疗胃食管反流. 我们很高兴在我们方便的时候成为综合护理的领导者 locations 整个新泽西北部的所有胃肠道疾病和条件，如反流胃病和 irritable bowel syndrome. For more information, request an appointment or contact us today.