Hepatitis

在美国，每年有成千上万的人感染肝炎 over two million American adults live with Hepatitis C. 从卑尔根医学协会了解更多中国十大网络赌博平台肝炎的病因和治疗方法. Staffed by a team of compassionate, board-certified practitioners, 全国十大网赌正规平台为各种急性和慢性疾病提供诊断和治疗, including hepatitis.

What Is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis is simply the term for inflammation of the liver. Located below the diaphragm and above the stomach, the liver clears waste products from the blood, helps break down nutrients, and regulates blood clotting, among many other crucial functions. 肝炎通常是由病毒感染引起的，可以影响正常的肝功能. The most common hepatitis viruses are:

• Hepatitis A: This is an acute infection that does not always require treatment. It can be prevented through vaccination.
• Hepatitis B这是一种感染，如果不及时治疗，可导致慢性肝病. It can be prevented by vaccination.
• Hepatitis C这是一种感染，如果不及时治疗，可导致慢性肝病, and for which there is no vaccine.

Other issues such as bacterial infections, long-term alcohol abuse, and autoimmune problems also can cause liver inflammation.

What Are the Symptoms of Hepatitis?

如果患者感染了甲型、乙型或丙型肝炎，他们可能不会立即表现出症状. As the infection progresses, they can have symptoms including:

• Dark-colored urine
• 黄疸皮肤或眼白变黄，称为黄疸
• Bloating
• Fatigue
• Joint pain
• Loss of appetite
• Low-grade fever
• Nausea, vomiting, or stomach pain
• Pale, clay-colored stool
• Unexplained weight loss

如果不及时治疗，肝炎可导致肝功能衰竭、肝硬化或长期肝损伤.

Which Patients Are at Risk for Hepatitis?

Risk factors for hepatitis vary by type:

Hepatitis A Risk Factors

与乙型和丙型肝炎不同，甲型肝炎不会引起长期的肝脏问题. However, it is still important to know the risk factors for Hepatitis A, 哪种是高度传染性的，通常通过食物或饮料感染. These include:

• Traveling internationally
• Living in a congregate setting, such as a nursing home
• Working in the healthcare or food industries
• Consuming raw shellfish

通常建议为1至2岁的儿童接种甲型肝炎疫苗系列.

Hepatitis B Risk Factors

In the U.S.自20世纪90年代初以来，美国就建议婴儿接种乙型肝炎疫苗. Risk factors for contracting the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) include:

• Drug use: 共用针头或注射器进行静脉注射的人更容易感染乙肝病毒.
• Close contact: 与HBV感染者同住或在接触血液的卫生保健机构工作的患者更有可能感染乙肝病毒.
• Sexual health: 无保护性交的病人更容易感染性传播疾病, including Hepatitis B.
• Underlying health conditions: 透析或肝酶升高的人感染乙型肝炎的风险更大.

Hepatitis C Risk Factors

The risk factors for Hepatitis B and C are similar. 因为丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)主要通过血液接触传播, 1990年以前输血的患者风险更高. However, in the 1990s, routine blood screening for HCV antibodies was introduced, virtually eliminating transfusion-related cases. 今天，注射吸毒是丙型肝炎的最大危险因素. Other patients at risk are:

• Infants born to mothers infected with HCV
• 与丙型肝炎病毒感染者共用个人物品，如剃须刀或牙刷的人
• Healthcare workers who experience needle-stick accidents

Unlike Hepatitis A and B, there is no vaccine for Hepatitis C.

How Is Hepatitis Diagnosed?

If a patient is showing any symptoms of a hepatitis infection, 他们应该马上去看他们的初级保健医生或胃肠科医生. Their doctor will review their symptoms, conduct a physical exam, and look for signs of liver damage, such as jaundice. Tests for hepatitis include:

• Blood work
• Liver biopsy
• Ultrasound to assess liver damage

A blood test can determine whether the type of hepatitis is A, B, or C, 同时也能帮助医疗团队判断感染的严重程度.

What Are the Treatment Options for Hepatitis A, B, and C?

There is no specific treatment for Hepatitis A. Fortunately, the body can clear the virus on its own. 甲型肝炎患者通常需要支持性护理:他们应该得到充分的休息, stay hydrated, and eat a balanced, nutrient-dense diet. 他们可能需要有后续预约，这样他们的医生就可以监测他们的肝功能.

乙型肝炎病毒患者可能有急性或慢性乙型肝炎感染. 急性病例会自行消失，可以通过支持性护理来帮助身体对抗感染, similar to HAV treatment. However, 慢性乙型肝炎感染患者将需要在其余生中持续治疗. 他们可能会服用口服抗病毒药物或接受注射治疗, 哪些药物可以控制感染并减缓肝损伤的进展. 一些因慢性肝炎导致严重肝损伤的患者最终寻求肝移植.

If a patient tests positive for Hepatitis C, 他们应该立即接受一个疗程的口服药物治疗，以防止肝损伤. 患者通常会服用8到12周的抗病毒药物. 这种治疗在清除病毒方面非常有效，而且副作用很小.

Find Care You Can Trust at Bergen Medical Associates

With locations throughout northern NJ, 全国十大网赌正规平台为整个地区的患者提供专家护理. 由经验丰富的医生组成的团队提供初级护理，以及像 gastroenterology, 全国十大网赌正规平台设备齐全，可以诊断和治疗多种不同的疾病, with multiple specialties. Our onsite services 包括血液检查和超声检查，这样病人就可以在一个地方得到他们需要的所有诊断护理. To learn more about hepatitis treatment, request an appointment or contact us today.